CEC considers civil society proposals for the Electoral Reform regarding Election Donors

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The Albanian Institute of Science (AIS), a non-governmental organization advocating transparency, good governance, and accountability, is engaged in opening data regarding electoral expenditures and financing. In addition to publishing data from the Financial Tables of Election Subjects in an Open Data format, AIS, through its Electoral Room for Electoral Reform, Money Government and Politics and Za’Lart – Make Elections Count programs, has also identified details and problems related with the electoral financing of the latest campaigns.

On 14 May 2014, AIS presented and proposed some proposals for amendments to the Albanian Electoral Law at a Technical Table on Political Party Financing, a conference organized by the Central Election Commission and supported by the OSCE Presence in Albania. The proposals address electoral campaign financing. Some of the main proposals presented at the conference and submitted in writing by AIS/Open Data Albania included:

  1. Introduction of an obligation on donors to declare every donation, and not only those exceeding 10 thousand Albanian lekë. The law should also require every donation to be done only by bank transactions instead of cash. Article 90, point 2 of the Electoral Code. For more details, see the draft version with Recommendations.
  2. More detailed provisions on control and prevention of donors’ conflicts of interest, introducing not only pre-election, but also post-election inspection periods. Article 89 of the Electoral Code. For more details, see the draft version with Recommendations.

In its latest report for the Assembly (April 2016), the Central Election Commission included a document on Recommendations for Potential Improvements of the Electoral Code 2016. The draft is intended for the Assembly and its Electoral Reform Committee, and it includes earlier proposals made by AIS Program Open Data Albania at a round table organized in September 2014 on the Registration and Control of Donors’ Conflicts of Interest. The proposals are integrated in the document section IX. Recommendations for Political Party Financing during Electoral Campaigns and regular calendar years, pages 22 and 23, points 7 and 9 of the Recommendations.

AIS, an organization that promotes Open Data Albania, thanks the Central Election Commission for institutionalizing the proposals coming from the civil society, and for the seriousness with which recommendations on electoral financing were drafted in this document addressed to the Assembly. In addition, AIS will continue to also lobby as a member of the Election Situation Room Initiative for a quality electoral law and reform for regulating the Financing of Electoral Subjects and Auditing of Electoral Campaigns.

Another effort made by AIS for contributing to fair rules of electoral financing is the court process initiated by AIS against the three largest political parties, i.e. Democratic Party, Socialist Party, and the Socialist Movement for Integration for their failure to provide real-time information about he lists and names of their electoral campaign donors, waiting for two months for Tirana Administrative Court of Appeal to set a date for the court hearing.

Using Open Data against Corruption. The Albanian Constitutional Court removes an MP mandate.

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It is the first time that a civil society project in Albania provided the public with detailed information about every transaction of the State Treasure, including the transaction date, purpose, number of invoice, and the beneficiary. Through its Open Spending Albania  portal, the Treasury Transactions, the Albanian citizens had the opportunity to understand how taxpayers’ money is spent (Where does my Money Go). In August 2014, the public was informed through the open data provided by the Treasury Transactions about several payments made by several state institutions to ABISSNET, a private company owned (on the date of transactions and contracts involving payments) by Koço Kokëdhima, and MP of the ruling majority. The transaction tables appeared on the front page of newspapers like Tema, RD , Ora News, Gazeta Shqiptarja, ABC, etc. They also became part of statuses on Facebook and Twitter of people, who have a significant role in the public debate, and finally caused some reaction by the media and by the opposition parliamentary group of the Democratic Party.

abissnet spending en 1

A group of Members Parliamentary addressed the Constitutional Court asking for the removal abrogate of the mandate of MP Koço Kokëdhima referring to Article 70, point 3 and 4 of the Constitution. This article of the Constitution bans MPs from exercising economic and profitable activities using public money. The request of the opposition parliamentary group was also based on Articles 7 and 13 of the Rules of Procedure of the Assembly, and Article 28 of Law No. 9367, dated 7. 04. 2005, On prevention of conflict of interest in exercising public functions. The motion and lawsuit submitted by the MPs to the Constitutional Court were also accompanied by evidence, including tables and databases from our portal Spending Data Albania (page 2 and 3 under the title ‘Facts and Circumstances’).

Following several meetings of the Assembly Committee for Review of Mandates and a long court process initiated by MPs of the Opposition Parliamentary Group, today, on 9 May 2016, the Constitutional Court found the mandate of MP Koço Kokëdhima incompatible (with his activity), and decided to remove abrogate his mandate.

Since 2014, there have been dozens of media articles and declaration based on the open data provided by Treasury Transactions under the Open Spending Albania portal. This is a typical good example of how #OpenData and #OpenKnowledge can be used to control conflict of interest, nepotism, distribution of public money, abuse, corruption, etc.

The Albanian Institute of Science (AIS), a non-governmental Albanian organization continues to open data about the Treasury Transactions, Public Contracts and Tenders, Public Budget, Assets of High-Level Officials and Judges, Electoral Spending, etc., with the objective being increased transparency and civic monitoring through the opening of public data. Our projects, Money, Governance and Politics MGP, and Open Procurement, continue to build instruments for empowering citizens through information, transparency and civic monitoring by opening publican governmental data.

Watch Dog Process avoids abusive and clientelist tenders

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The Albanian Institute of Science (AIS), an organization that promotes open data in Albania, has the pleasure of sharing with you a positive experience of the role of the civil society and media in the watch dog process of civic monitoring and control over how public property is used in the country.

On 19 April, Open Procurement Albania portal provided comprehensive information to the public and journalists about a procurement process of the Municipality of Tropoja, whereby the Municipality Rented a Tourist Space, known as:

Tourism Development Centre of Valbona

Renting, through competition, of the Tourism Development Centre of Valbona, an area of 4180 m² (as in the layout), including a building covering an area of 461 m2 and a functional space (outside the building) of 3719 m2. The building is rented so that it can be used to support economic activities that encourage investments, employment, and tourism. The minimum rent from which competition starts is 60,240 (sixty thousand and two hundred and forty) lekë/month. The term of rent shall be 5 (five) years.

The time available for potential competitors was very short. The tender was announced on 18 April, and the deadline for applications was 20 April, which significantly leads to suspicions of an intentional clientelist procurement process. In addition, the minimum rent for such a building and area in one of the most visited tourist sites seems to be very abusive. Information about this procurement process spread quickly through social media, comments were made by hundreds of citizens, and it became target of various media articles, mainly by online media. Some journalists made further investigations, finding out that, in addition to the natural resources the Centre represents; it (the building) had just been completed with the investments made by the Albanian Development Fund. Following such civic pressure on social networks and media, the Municipality of Tropoja decided to cancel the procurement process because of the short time available for application. The cancelation was published on the latest bulletin of the Public Procurement Agency (25 April).

AIS, through its monitoring process and publication of information in an Open format (easy to be found and searched), draws your attention to the extreme lack of transparency over procurement processes of our local government units in renting public buildings.  These procurement processes are not announced electronically. They are only made in the PDF version of the Bulletin, leave always very little time for applications, and are not accompanied by a final announcement about the total number of participants, values of winning contracts, and the name of the winning economic operators.

At the moment, Open Procurement Albania portal provides data about eight procurement processes for renting territories and properties owned by Municipalities, which have taken place from July 2015. There, you may also find information about 1547 public procurement procedures of the 61 local government units emerging after the recent territorial-administrative division.

This portal is part of the activities of OpenLGU Program. We welcome suggestions and invitations for cooperation!

AIS proposals for the draft Albania’s OGP Action Plan 2016 – 2018

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The Albanian Institute of Science (AIS), an organization that promoted open and transparent data, which is also engaged as a member of the Coalition for Open Governance Partnership (OGP) for Albania, has, for the third time, become part of the consultations with the Government of Albania in drafting an OGP Action Plan. Aiming at contributing to the efforts for open governance as good governance, AIS proposes some commitments that the Government and its Partners should undertake in being part of the Action Plan for OGP fir the two coming years, 2016 – 2018:

Suggestion no. 1: Commitment to Open Contracting Standards. Publication of public contracts using the Open Data format.

Government Implementation Agency(ies): Council of Ministers, Ministry for Relationships with the Parliament, and the Ministry for Economic Development

Non-Government Partner: AIS, etc.

Potential Supporters: World Bank

The Albanian Government needs to commit to applying Open Contracting standards. This is the trend followed by states and transparency actors in their efforts for open information about public contracts and the procedure followed until their finalization. Therefore the Government of Albania may consider abiding by principles of transparency and public access in drafting the new law on Public Procurement. Such law shall have to consider introducing an obligation for publishing every extract of contracts for public works, supplies of goods and services, PPPs or concessions, public rent, sales of public assets, and loan contracts, or public loans contract at the local and central level. The same obligation must also be applicable to the publication of the donation contracts with public institutions, and to online access.

It must also be considered to use the Open Data format in creating the Concessionary Register on the basis of the Law on Concessions and PPPs, and the Decision of the Council of Ministers, ensuring protection of the commercial secret and intellectual property.

Suggestion no. 2: Local Government Unit Budgets by their revenue structures 

Ministry for Local Affairs; Ministry of Finances

Potential supporters and partners: UNDP; Swiss Government; USAI; etc.

The Law on Local Government Finances must consider introducing an obligation for local government units to publish the structure of their revenues abiding to the Open Spending standards. This can be achieved in cooperation with the non-governmental sector and with the financial support of programs for local government planning or assistance instruments for anti-corruption (including IPA instruments). A model of the Open Budget of Local Government shall be published in May in the framework of the USAID Program, PLGP.

Suggestion no. 3 Publication of the annual declaration of assets for high officials

National Coordinator against Corruption, Ministry for Local Affairs, Ministry of Justice

Partners from the Non-Governmental Sector: AIS; Association of Journalists for Justice; BIRN Albania, etc.

Support Partners: EU instrument IPA Anti-Corruption; USAID, etc.

Control of Assets and Conflict of Interests is an interesting moment, which is also related with the implementation of the law on decriminalization, and the justice system reform. The public in Albania has the right of access to information on declared incomes and assets. Such access, however, is limited to the will and performance of the monitoring parties and the institution that owns the database (High Inspectorate). Currently, different countries apply the option of (additional) access to, and control of such information. In simple words, the declarations of elected officials and high officials are published online. This would have to start first with the judges and representatives of the justice system, who are twice subject to the control of the conflict of interest. 1. As any other high official (Law on HIDACCI) and 2.  Subject to the provisions of the Code of Procedures (review of court cases). Thus, a judge may not adjudicate a party in the court process, if the same party is the employer of a family member of the judge, or the buying/selling party in a contract involving the judge or someone rom his/her family. Having access to the declarations of interest, the other party in the process has more information if its interests are manipulated due to the judge’s conflict of interest.

Finally, our organization welcomes any discussions, public hearings, coordination, and joint engagement aiming at reaching concrete results for open and transparent governance

How have Municipalities done their tenders! Contracts with Direct Negotiations and Investment Tenders

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Open Data Albania has inquired into the number of tender procedures and fund limits for public procurement announced by 61 local government units (municipalities) following the recent administrative-territorial division. The research article is based on the database of the Transparent Procurement portal. The portal contains information about every public procurement procedure for each of the 61 new local government units from July 2015 onwards. 

  • Public Procurement (total number and value). During this period, there has been a total number of 1290 procedures announced for a fund limit of 92 billion (new) lekë. Each of these public procurement procedures is listed on the Transparent Procurement portal, under the Tenders section. The Municipality of Tirana is the municipality with the highest fund limit for procurements in this period. Tirana has announced 129 tenders with a value of 2.28 billion lekë. Tirana is followed by the Municipality of Durrës with 50 procedures and a fund limit of 931.79 million lekë. The Municipality of Fier comes third by its fund limit. This municipality has announced 59 tenders for a fund limit of 899.85 million lekë. The list of the 10 municipalities with the highest fund limit includes also the municipalities of Korça, Saranda, Berat, Divjaka, Gjirokastra, Kavaja, and Librazhd. The list of the 10 municipalities with the lowest fund limit for tenders includes Ura Vajgurore, Mirdita, Përrenjasi, Delvina, Libohova, Fushë – Arrëzi, Pogradeci, Tepelena, Dropulli, Memaliaj, and Pusteci. The article with the Table and Visualizations Public Procurement by Municipalities, announced during July 2015 – April 2016.
  • Direct Negotiations refer to public procurement procedures through which the contracting authority selects the economic operators itself and negotiates the contract terms with one or more of them. The decision to apply such procedure must be grounded and justified by conditions that force the authority to act in this way. Being a type of public procurement without any competition, the Direct Negotiations carry the risk of a high exposure to fund misuse. In total, this period has seen 150 public contracts finalized through direct negotiations. The fund for these public procurement procedures is 83 million lekë. Each of these public procurement procedures is listed in the Transparent Procurement portal, under the Tender with Negotiations section. Municipalities of Tirana, Elbasan, Kamza, Vau i Dejës, Rrogozhina, Korça, and Lezha are the municipalities with the highest number of direct negotiations. In this sense, extension of contracts are also considered direct negotiations the procuring authorities do this (extend contracts) every time they face expiry of timeframes of purchases, or recognizes the need for additional works or services. Only 37 out of 61 municipalities have applied the procedure of direct negotiations. Direct negotiations for more than 5 million lekë were applied by the municipalities of Elbasan, Tirana, Maliq, Konispol, Vau i Dejës, Rrogozhina, and Kamza. You may find the article by reading Contracts with Direct Negotiations by Municipalities, announced from 20 July 2015 until 7 April 2016
  • Public Investments (tenders). This period marked a total of 269 procurements for public works for a value of 07 billion lekë. It results that 68% of the fund limit tendered by the municipalities during this time period was intended for investments, the rest to supplies of goods and services. The figures include only investments tendered by the municipalities themselves, and not public works tendered by the Albanian Development Fund or central government units that correspond with investments in their territories. Each of these public procurement procedures is listed with the Transparent Procurement portal, under the category of public Works, using the search filter ‘type of contract’. The Municipality of Korça and that of Fier have the highest fund limits for public works. They are followed by Tirana, Durrësi, Saranda, Berati, Divjaka, Gjirokastra and Librazhdi. Two municipalities, Fushë Arrëzi and Pogradeci have not yet realized any procurement of public works, depriving their administrative units of the benefits and economic effects of investments. Thus, the four municipalities with the minimum funds used for Public Procurement are Tepelena, Kukësi, Pusteci and Memaliaj. The article can be found on Investments, Procurement for Public Works by Municipalities, announced during July 2015 – April 2016.

The portal intends to make the information about tenders and public procurements of the 61 municipalities in the country transparent and easily traceable. Using search filters, procurements can be categorized by their types of contracts, like Public Procurement (investments), Supply of Goods (purchase), Services, etc. in addition, each tender can be categorized by the number of participants, and an assessment of the difference between the fund limit available and the value of the winning offer. Afterwards, information is updated by the number of participants in the competition, the winner, the status of the project, the contract term, and payments according to the Treasury Transactions. AIS is the organization that implements this project. This organization promotes Open Data for Albania.

Open Local Government Procurements – Open LGP

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This project intends to make open and easily searchable the data related to public tenders and contracts of the local government (61 new municipalities). Thus, the citizens shall be able not only to see what services, works, or public purchases are being contracted, but even the amounts of money allocated to the public programs. Every call for tender will be transparently accompanied by updated additional information about the project name, type of procurement, tender deadlines, number of participating bidders, the selected offers, project status, date of financial clause, operational period of contract and payments made by the State Treasury Office for each public service or public work.

Read more

Improvement of the Living Conditions for the Roma Community Seven municipalities reconstruct Roma houses.

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The Albanian Institute of Science (AIS), through its Open Local Government Procurement (OpenLGP) enables monitoring of all public procurement processes carried out by the 61 local government units in the country. The project focuses on every public tender and contract (of any value) carried out from July 2015 onward. Transparency of Public Contracts is important not only as part of the transparency over spending of public funds, but also for the fact that the award and execution of such contracts influences the quality of life and services for various communities.

Through this email, we are sharing with you some information about some public procurement processes and public contracts executed for the Construction or Reconstruction of Roma and Egyptian houses. These contracts are published on OpenLGP  and concern the Roma community in the seven following municipalities:

  1. Municipality of Saranda announced an open tender procedure on 24. 08. 2015 for Reconstruction of 6 houses of Roma and Egyptian Community. The fund limit (VAT excl.) for the Reconstruction of the 6 houses was 2 750 000 lekë. There were 8 economic operators, which participated in the tender process. The public contract was signed on 6. 10. 2015 with Shendelli SHPK. The contract term was 20 days.
  2. Municipality of  Mirdita announced an open tender procedure on 31. 08. 2015 for Reconstruction of 15 (fifteen) houses of Roma and Egyptian community, Municipality of Mirdita, Rrëshen. The fund limit (VAT excl.) for this tender was 4 416 670 lekë. The tender was cancelled in the first stage, because none of the participants met the criteria. The tender was re-announced, and 5 economic operators participated. The contract was signed with AEK MUNELLA SHPK (on 11.11. 2015). The agreed implementation timeframe was 1 month from the date the contract was signed.
  3. Municipality of Lezha announced that it had signed a contract with Junik SHPK on 28.12. 2015 by a negotiation procedure. The value of the contract (VAT Incl.) was 3 815 200 lekë for Construction of social houses for 8 (eight) Roma families.
  4. Municipality of Divjaka announced a tender procedure on 4. 03. 2016 through a Request for Proposal for the Reconstruction of Houses of Roma and Egyptian Community in the Administrative Unit of Grabian (18 families), Municipality of Divjaka. The fund limit (VAT excl.) was 8 514 590 lekë. The tender was cancelled for Mistakes with the Calculations of the Bill of Quantities. It was then re-announced, but no announcement is yet made about the winner or a contract signed.
  5. Municipality of Rrogozhina announced an open tender procedure on 10. 03. 2015 for Construction of 2-storey Social Houses for Roma and Egyptian Community in the Municipality of Rrogozhina. The tender will take place on 30 March, and the tender documentation specifies that the funds are from the World Bank. You will find information about the tender process and the winner of the public contract in the coming weeks on the updated information under the Transparent Procurement section.
  6. The Municipality of Kruja has announced an open tender on 16. 03. 2016 with a fund limit (VAT excl.) of 18 122 330 All for Construction and Reconstruction of 35 Houses of Rom Community, Village of Arrameras Fushë-Krujë. The tender will take place on 8. 04. 2016 and the contract validity is 4 months.
  7. The Municipality of Elbasan announced a Request for Proposals procedure on 16. 03. 2016 for the Improvement of the Living Conditions for Roma and Egyptian Community in Lagja 5 Maji. The fund limit for the tender was 5 522 100 ALL. The deadline for the submission of the tender documentation was only 14 days, and the winner is expected to be announced on 29. 03. 2015.

Other municipalities, where there are Roma communities in need, have not yet announced any tenders or public contracts during July 2015 – March 2016 in this area. OpenLGP Transparent Procurement invites you to learn more in the coming days about the progress of the public procurement processes and public contracts for improving the living conditions of communities in need. We also invite investigative journalists and local organizations involved in monitoring the performance of local government units to observe in the field the efficiency of the execution of the signed public contracts.

Open Local Government Procurement OpenLGP is a project implemented by AIS, an organization that promotes Open Data Albania.

Open LGP Albania Project presented at Personal Forum Democracy, Poland 2016

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The Personal Forum Democracy 2016 took place on 17 and 18 March in Gdansk, Poland, for Central and Eastern Europe (PFD 2016). This forum is led every year in Poland as an effort of the civil society to use technology for democratization and civil engagement. The speakers and workshop moderators this year focused on how we can bring people together to encourage public debate. Citizens’ participation, use of technology for transparency, and awareness through open are subject to dozens of civil society programs in Central and Eastern European countries.

The PFD 2016 included also a presentation of AIS Project on monitoring local government public procurement and contracts, i.e. Open Local Government Procurement (OpenLGP). The presentation was part of the Monitoring Procurements – Experiences from Albania and Hungary workshop. The three moderators of this workshop were Shefiko HAJNA from AIS, Anita KONSCIK from K-Monitor, and Eva MEQEMEJA from AIS. The two models and portals developed by the civil society in Albania and Hungary provide instruments for citizens to monitor how their governments procure works, services, or purchases, using public money. Making tenders transparent and easy to be monitored by the citizens, each program leads also to taxpayers being involved in checking for accountability. The data opened regarding public procurement carry clear and comprehensive information about values, deadlines, quality of competition, and subject of procurements. The information reveals also the areas and contracts, which pose a risk of abuse or corruption. The workshop was attended by a great number of participants. The regional organizations showed an interest in getting involved in the process of opening information for Open Procurements and Open Contracting.

This presentation held in the context of the Personal Forum Democracy 2016 precedes a workshop focused on Civil Monitoring of Public Procurements and Contracts for the countries of the region (Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, etc.), which is going to be held in July in Tirana. Our program OpenLGP is being developed as an efforts for open data and civil monitoring with the support of the National Endowment for Democracy NED.

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Java e Interneti 2016 / Get Online Week 2016

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Fuqizohu, Punësohu

Instituti Shqiptar i Shkencave në partneritet me Telecentre Europe organizon për të pestin vit në Shqipëri  fushatën vjetore Get Online Week për fuqizimin dixhital. Ky event mbahet ne datat 14 deri 20 Mars në mbarë Europën.

Qëllim i kësaj fushate është nxitja dhe aftësimi i sa më shumë personave në përdorimin e internetit. Në fokus janë moshat e reja dhe edukimi i përdorimit të internetit për punësim dhe edukim cilësore. Në Europë tregu i punës kërkon çdo ditë me mijëra profesionist që njohin internetin dhe teknologjinë. Por ndërsa kërkesa për punë me pagesë të mirë është e kënaqshme, njerëzit që kanë aftësi të punojnë janë më pak se kërkesa. Kjo Javë Promovuese synon ti nxis Europianët të Fuqizohen dhe Punësohen në këtë treg pune.

Në Shqipëri kjo javë do të shënojë trajnimin e të rinjve të shkollave të mesme publike dhe studentëve; aplikimin e një sondazhi që ndihmon të kuptojë sa e përdorin internetin grupmoshat dhe profesionet e ndryshme si dhe mjaft evente mediatike që promovojnë aftësimin profesional në teknologjinë e informacionit.

gow2016

 

Tregues mbi Shoqëri Aksionare me Kapital Publik Open Data Albania

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Open Data Albania ka hulumtuar mbi tregues të performancës së Shoqërive Aksionare SHA me Kapital Publik, duke marrë në shqyrtim 120 të tilla. Analiza ka vlerësuar kapitalin e tyre themeltar, rritjen apo zvogëlimin në vitin 2014 dhe 2015, xhiron vjetore për 2014 apo fitimin vjetor përpara tatimit. E njëjta analizë është bërë edhe për Aftësinë Paguese dhe Kosto të Punës. Gjithashtu përmes këtij grupi artikujsh është hartuar edhe një listë me emra të administratorëve të emëruar për këto shoqëri, sikurse lista me ekspertë kontabël të emëruar për auditimin e pasqyrave vjetore të SHA me Kapital Publik.

Të dhënat për këtë analizë janë marrë në dokumentacionin e reklamuar në Qendrën Kombëtare të Regjistrimit QKR, ku konstatohet se në 120 shoqëri aksionare me kapital publik reklamimi i përditësuar i informacionit në 2014 dhe 2015 është bërë vetëm për 70 prej tyre.

Shkurtimisht mbi Artikujt:

Fitimi Vjetor Para Tatimit Për SHA me Kapital Publik, 2012-2014.

Në vitin 2014 kanë deklaruar pasqyrat financiare 70 SHA me kapital publik nga 120 të marra në hulumtim. Në total ato shënojnë një humbje prej 19.7 miliardë lekë ose 141 milionë euro.

Gjatë këtij viti rezultojnë të kenë dalë me fitim 26 SHA. 5 shoqëri rezultojnë me fitim zero, dhe 39 SHA të tjera rezultojnë me humbje kontabël neto. Fitimin më të lartë neto në vitin 2014 e shënon Operatori i Sistemit të Transmetimit OST me një vlerë prej 2.3 miliardë lekë ose 16.7 milionë euro, ndërsa humbjen më të madhe neto e shënon Korporata Elektroenergjitike Shqiptare SHA KESH me një vlerë prej -22.2 miliardë lekë ose -159 milionë euro.

Në 67 SHA me kapital publik që kanë deklaruar pasqyrat e tyre financiare për vitet 2012,2013 dhe 2014 konstatohej një total  me trend në rënie. Në vitin 2014 të gjitha këto subjekte së bashku shënojnë një humbje prej -19 693 523 132 lekë, ndërkohë që në dy vitet e mëparshme kanë pasur një fitim para tatimit prej përkatësisht 11.6 miliardë lekë në vitin 2012 dhe 11.7 miliardë lekë në vitin 2013.

Ky indikator ka pësuar ndryshime në të gjithë subjektet tregtare në hulumtim. Rritjen më të madhe të fitimit para tatimit në harkun kohor 2012-2014 e kanë shënuar këto subjekte: Albcontrol, Posta Shqiptare SHA dhe Kombinati Energjetik, ndërsa rënien më të madhe e shënojnë Korporata Elektroenergjetike Shqiptare SHA KESH, Ujësjellës Kanalizime Tiranë dhe Hekurudha Shqiptare.

Ekspert Kontabël të SHA me kapital Publik, Pasqyra Financiare 2014

Ekspert Kontabël i Regjistruar është profesionisti i pavarur pjesë e Regjistrit Publik të ekspertëve kontabël, në përputhje me dispozitat e ligjit Për Auditimin Ligjor, Organizimin e Profesionit të Ekspertit Kontabël të Regjistruar dhe të Kontabilistit të Miratuar (Ligj Nr 10091, Datë 5.03. 20109). Shoqëritë Aksionare SHA e kanë të detyrueshëm auditimin e pasqyrave financiare vjetore nga një Ekspert Kontabël i Regjistruar. Eksperti kontabël i një shoqërie me kapital tërësisht publik zgjidhet nga aksionari (institucioni publik). Sipas reklamimeve në QKR janë 57 Shoqëri Aksionare me kapital publik, që kanë dorëzuar auditime nga ekspert kontabël për pasqyra financiare viti 2014. Për auditimin e këtyre SHA-ve janë angazhuar 68 ekspert kontabël nga 221 që janë sipas Regjistrit Publik. Janë 12 ekspert të angazhuar në auditimin e më shumë se një shoqërie aksionare me kapital publik për 2014. Rekord shënon një rast eksperti i angazhuar në shtatë shoqëri aksionare publike. Lista e Ekspertëve Kontabël të SHA me kapital Publik, që kanë audituar Pasqyra Financiare 2014 është e publikuar tek ODA. Vetëm tre SHA me kapital publik auditohen nga katërshja e njohur si kompanitë e mëdha të auditimit me zyra apo degë lokale në vend.

Xhiro Vjetore për 2012 – 2014 e SHA me Kapital Publik

Në vitin 2014 kanë deklaruar pasqyrat e tyre financiare 65 subjekte nga 120 të marra në shqyrtim. Xhiro totale e tyre shënon një vlerë prej 33.4 miliardë lekë ose 238 milionë euro. Ndër këto gjashtëdhjetë e pesë subjekte xhiron më të madhe e shënon “Korporata Elektroenergjitike Shqiptare SHA KESH me një xhiro prej 10.8 miliardë lekë ose 77 milionë euro. Kjo xhiro përbën 32% të xhiros totale të 65 subjekteve tregtare me kapital apo kuota nga një institucion publik.

Subjekte të tjera me xhiro vjetore mbi dy miliardë lekë janë Operatori i Sistemit të Transmetimit OST, Albcontrol, Ujësjellës Kanalizime Tiranë dhe Posta Shqiptare SHA

Në vitin 2014 të gjitha 61 SHA me kapital publik së bashku shënojnë një xhiro vjetore prej 33.219 miliard lekë, ndërkohë që në dy vitet e mëparshme kanë pasur një xhiro totale prej përkatësisht 45.2 miliardë lekë në vitin 2012 dhe 45.5 miliardë lekë në vitin 2013. Në të tre vitet xhiron më të madhe e shënon Korporata Elektroenergjetike Shqiptare SHA KESH. Xhiroja e këtij subjekti ka rënë me 13.8 miliardë lekë për dy vjet. Nga ana tjetër xhiro vjetore e subjekteve Operatori i Sistemit të Transmetimit OST dhe Albcontrol është rritur me përkatësisht 1.1 miliardë lekë dhe 255 milionë lekë për dy vjet. Vlera të xhiros vjetore për secilën kompani në vitet 2012 – 2014 kanë paraqitur dhe vizualizuar në një nga Artikujt e ODA.

Administratorë të Shoqërive Aksionare me kapital publik. 31 Dhjetor 2015

Gjashtë nga 120 shoqëritë aksionare të zotëruara nga një institucion publik janë në proces Likuidimi (proces likuidimi për efekt mbyllje) për pasojë administratorët e tyre janë edhe në cilësinë e likuidatorit. Ndërmarrje në proces rikujtimi janë Kombinati Energjetik, KESH SECURITY SHRSF dhe OST SECURITY,  Prodhim Veshje Ushtarake SHA, Bursa e Tiranës SHA, ALBMINIERA SHA dhe Berat EKS.

Në njëqind e njëzetë shoqëritë aksionare të marra në shqyrtim 17 prej tyre ose 14% kanë administrator femër ndërsa 103 shoqëri aksionare drejtohen nga administrator meshkuj ndryshe 86% e ndërmarrjeve me aksionar një institucion publik.

Janë tetëmbëdhjetë në numër administratorët e shoqërive tregtare me kapital publik të cilëve u ka mbaruar mandati deri në fund të vitit 2015. Këto subjekte nuk kanë deklaruar në QKR nëse këtyre administratorëve ju është rinovuar mandati apo shoqëria është në pritje të një emërimi për administrator të ri. Në 120 shoqëri me aksionar me kapital publik, për 51 nuk janë reklamuar në QKR pasqyrat financiare të vitit kontabël 2014. Në vitin 2013 janë emëruar 24 administrator të rinj, nëntëmbëdhjetë prej të cilëve kanë një mandat trevjeçar. Në vitin 2014 janë emëruar 24 administrator, njëzetë e dy prej të cilëve kanë një mandat 3-vjeçar. Në vitin 2015 janë emëruar 32 administrator, njëzetë e një prej të cilëve kanë një mandat 3-vjeçar.

Kosto e Punës në Shoqëri Aksionare me kapital të një Institucion Publik 2014

Kostot e punës përfshijnë vlera për pagesat për punonjësit, pagat bruto, kontributet për sigurimet shoqërore që paguan punëdhënësi, kostot e trajnimit profesional, shpenzime e rekrutimit dhe ato për veshje, strehim apo taksa të tjera të punësimit.  Në vitet 2012-2014 rezulton me kosto pune më të lartë shoqëria ALBCONTROL. Në vitin 2014 kësaj shoqërie burimet njerëzore i kanë kushtuar 1.2 miliardë lekë. Një tjetër shoqëri me kosto të punës mbi 1 miliardë lekë është edhe Korporata Elektroenergjetike Shqiptare SHA KESH.

Mbulimi i Kostove të Punës përmes Xhiros Vjetore të Shoqërive, është një element që tregon se sa shoqëritë,  arrijnë të mbulojnë vetë këtë kategori shpenzimi (kostoje). Shoqëri të cilat kanë deklaruar një xhiro prej 0 lekë, ose thënë ndryshe që financohen totalisht nga fonde publike pasi nuk arrijnë t’i mbulojnë vetë kostot e tyre të punës janë ALBMINIERA SHA, Bursa e Tiranës SHA  dhe KRWM SHA. Kompani të cilat kanë një xhiro më të vogël se kosto e punës ose ndryshe që arrijnë të mbulojnë vetëm një pjesë të këtyre kostove, për vitin 2014 janë tetëmbëdhjetë, 14 prej të cilave kanë një mbulim mbi 50%.

Aftësia Paguese e SHA me kapital nga një Institucion Publik 2014.

Ky indikator vlerëson aftësinë që një shoqëri ka për të shlyer detyrimet.  Raportet për të analizuar aftësinë paguese të një shoqërie janë dy. Raporti i borxhit total llogaritet si raport i detyrimeve ndaj detyrimeve dhe kapitalit dhe tregon çfarë peshe zënë detyrimet në pasivin e shoqërisë. Raporti i detyrimeve totale ndaj kapitalit tregon pjesën e aktiveve që financohet me kapital dhe pjesën e financuar me kredi.  Korporata Elektroenergjetike Shqiptare SHA KESH e cila ka vlerën më të lartë të detyrimeve, ka një raport borxhi 84% në vitin 2014. Pra, detyrimet ë kësaj shoqërie zënë 84% të pasivit. Raporti tjetër i po të njëjtës shoqëri tregon që për çdo 1 lekë financim me kapital të vet ajo financon 5.31 lekë me kredi.

Raportin më të lartë të detyrimeve ndaj kapitalit në vitin 2014 e shënon TERMOCENTRALI Vlore SHA në vlerën 443.4 herë.

Situatën më të “mirë” të aftësisë pagese në këtë vit e pasqyron “TRAJTIMI I STUDENTEVE SH A Gjirokastër” i cili financohet thuajse 100% me kapital të vet.

Të dhëna të detajuara për kapitalin, aksionarët, xhiron vjetore, fitimin përpara tatimit dhe administratorët e shoqërive aksionare janë të publikuara për secilën SHA tek databaza e mirëstrukturuar Shoqëri Biznesi .